
Citroen is owned by Stellantis N.V. (NYSE: STLA), a publicly traded automotive corporation headquartered in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Stellantis was formed in January 2021 through the merger of PSA Group and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. Citroen operates as one of 14 automotive brands within Stellantis, alongside Peugeot, Fiat, Jeep, and others. Stellantis named Antonio Filosa as its new CEO in May 2025, replacing Carlos Tavares who resigned in December 2024. Citroen appointed Xavier Chardon as its CEO in June 2025.
| Brand | Parent Company | Ownership Type |
|---|---|---|
| Citroen | Stellantis | Wholly owned |
Citroen was founded on June 4, 1919, by Andre-Gustave Citroen in Paris, France. Andre Citroen was a French industrialist who had previously manufactured gear wheels and munitions during World War I. After the war, he converted his factory at Quai de Javel in Paris to automobile production. Citroen was inspired by Henry Ford's mass production methods and became the first European automaker to adopt assembly line manufacturing.
The company's first car was the Type A, launched in 1919. It was the first European mass-produced automobile, with 30 units built per day by the end of the first year. The Type A featured a 1.3-liter engine and was priced affordably, making car ownership accessible to a broader segment of the French middle class.
In 1934, Citroen launched the Traction Avant, a revolutionary vehicle that introduced three major innovations to mass-produced cars: front-wheel drive, unibody construction (no separate chassis), and independent suspension on all four wheels. The Traction Avant was so advanced that its basic architecture became the standard for most passenger cars worldwide. However, the development costs of the Traction Avant bankrupted Citroen, and the company was acquired by its largest creditor, Michelin, in 1934. Andre Citroen died of stomach cancer on July 3, 1935, at age 57.
Under Michelin's ownership, Citroen continued to innovate. In 1948, the company launched the 2CV (Deux Chevaux), a simple, affordable car designed for rural French consumers. The 2CV featured an air-cooled flat-twin engine, long-travel suspension for rough roads, and a roll-back canvas roof. It remained in production for 42 years, until 1990, with over 3.8 million units sold.
In 1955, Citroen introduced the DS at the Paris Motor Show. The DS featured hydropneumatic self-leveling suspension, power steering, power brakes, and a streamlined aerodynamic body. The DS was so advanced that it looked like a car from the future compared to its contemporaries. Over 1.4 million DS models were sold during its 20-year production run. The DS gained fame when a Citroen DS was used to escape an assassination attempt on President Charles de Gaulle in 1962, with the car's suspension absorbing the damage from bullets and enabling a high-speed escape.
In 1974, Michelin sold a 38% stake in Citroen to Peugeot S.A. In 1976, Peugeot acquired full control of Citroen, creating PSA Group (Peugeot Societe Anonyme). Citroen became a wholly-owned brand within PSA, alongside Peugeot. The acquisition saved Citroen from financial collapse but reduced its independence. Under PSA, Citroen shared platforms and components with Peugeot, which reduced costs but diminished the brand's tradition of radical engineering innovation.
During the 1980s and 1990s, Citroen produced several successful models including the BX (1982), the XM (1989), and the Xantia (1993). The brand also expanded into commercial vehicles with the Berlingo, launched in 1996, which became one of Europe's best-selling small commercial vans.
In 2014, Citroen launched DS as a premium sub-brand. DS was later separated into its own standalone brand, DS Automobiles, in 2014. This left Citroen positioned as PSA's mainstream, value-oriented brand, sitting between the premium DS and the more design-focused Peugeot.
In January 2021, PSA Group merged with Fiat Chrysler Automobiles to form Stellantis N.V. The merger created the world's fourth-largest automaker, with combined annual revenues of approximately 170 billion euros. Citroen became one of 14 brands in the Stellantis portfolio. The brand continued to share platforms with Peugeot and Opel within Stellantis's European operations.
Under Stellantis, Citroen has focused on affordable, comfort-oriented vehicles. The brand launched the C5 X in 2021, a crossover combining sedan and estate styling. The Citroen C3, launched in its fourth generation in 2023, features the brand's Advanced Comfort suspension and a dual-energy powertrain option. Citroen has also entered the electric vehicle market with the e-C3, an affordable EV priced under 25,000 euros, launched in 2024.
In December 2024, Stellantis CEO Carlos Tavares resigned abruptly after a dramatic decline in sales and profits. The company's share price had fallen significantly during 2024. Antonio Filosa was named as the new CEO in May 2025 and took the role on June 23, 2025. Citroen appointed Xavier Chardon as its new CEO on June 2, 2025, replacing Thierry Koskas.
What does Stellantis own?
Stellantis owns 14 automotive brands: Jeep, Ram, Dodge, Chrysler, Wagoneer, Peugeot, Citroen, DS Automobiles, Opel, Vauxhall, Fiat, Alfa Romeo, Lancia, Abarth, and Maserati. The company was formed in 2021 through the merger of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles and Groupe PSA.
Is Stellantis publicly traded?
Yes, Stellantis N.V. is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (STLA), Euronext Paris (STLAP), and Borsa Italiana (STLAM). Major shareholders include Exor N.V. (Agnelli family, approximately 14.4%), the Peugeot family holding company (approximately 7.2%), and Bpifrance (approximately 6.2%).
Who founded Stellantis?
Stellantis was formed on January 17, 2021, through the merger of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles and Groupe PSA. The merger was announced in December 2019 and structured as a merger of equals. Carlos Tavares, former CEO of Groupe PSA, led the combined company until his resignation in December 2024.
Where is Stellantis headquartered?
Stellantis N.V. is legally headquartered in Hoofddorp, near Amsterdam, Netherlands. The company has major operational centers in Auburn Hills, Michigan, USA (North American operations) and Paris, France (European operations).
How many brands does Stellantis own?
Stellantis owns 14 automotive brands: Jeep, Ram, Dodge, Chrysler, Wagoneer, Peugeot, Citroen, DS Automobiles, Opel, Vauxhall, Fiat, Alfa Romeo, Lancia, Abarth, and Maserati.
What is Stellantis's revenue?
For FY2025, Stellantis reported net revenues of EUR153.5 billion, down 2% from EUR156.9 billion in 2024. The company reported a net loss of EUR22.3 billion due to EUR25.4 billion in charges. In Q2 2026, net revenues recovered to EUR43.5 billion (up 13% year over year) with net profit of EUR0.3 billion.
Who is the CEO of Stellantis?
Antonio Filosa is the CEO of Stellantis, appointed permanently on June 23, 2025. He previously served as CEO of the Jeep brand and chief operating officer for North America. He succeeded Carlos Tavares, who resigned in December 2024.
Citroen's sustainability efforts are integrated within Stellantis's corporate ESG framework. Stellantis's Dare Forward 2030 strategic plan targets carbon net zero by 2038, with intermediate targets for reducing CO2 emissions from vehicles and manufacturing operations.
Citroen's electric vehicle strategy is central to its sustainability positioning. The e-C3, launched in 2024, is an affordable electric vehicle priced under 25,000 euros. The brand plans to offer electric variants across its entire passenger car range by 2025, aligning with European Union regulations requiring zero-emission vehicles to account for a growing share of new car sales. Citroen also offers the e-Berlingo electric commercial van and the e-C4 electric compact crossover.
Stellantis has committed to investing over 30 billion euros in electrification through 2025. The company has established battery manufacturing joint ventures, including Automotive Cells Company (ACC) with Mercedes-Benz and Saft, to produce battery cells in Europe. Citroen EVs use Stellantis's battery technology, including both nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP) chemistries.
On manufacturing sustainability, Stellantis has set targets to reduce CO2 emissions from its plants by 50% by 2030 compared to 2021 levels. The Poissy plant in France, which produces the Citroen C3, has implemented solar panels and energy efficiency measures. The Trnava plant in Slovakia has achieved ISO 50001 energy management certification.
Citroen does not have independent cruelty-free, vegan, or organic certifications, as these labels are not applicable to automotive brands. The brand's environmental impact is primarily related to vehicle emissions, manufacturing energy use, and material sourcing. Stellantis publishes an annual sustainability report covering environmental performance across all brands, including Citroen.
Citroen has received recognition from several automotive industry organizations. The Citroen C5 X was named Irish Car of the Year 2023 by the Irish Motoring Writers Association. The brand's vehicles have also received recognition from What Car? and Auto Express in the United Kingdom for comfort and value.
The Citroen Berlingo has been named International Van of the Year multiple times, most recently in 2019, by an international jury of commercial vehicle journalists. The Berlingo's combination of practicality, comfort, and value has made it a consistent performer in European commercial vehicle awards.
Citroen's design has been recognized by the Automotive Brand Contest, organized by the German Design Council. The brand's Advanced Comfort program, which focuses on suspension tuning, seat design, and cabin acoustics, has received industry attention for prioritizing comfort over sporty handling, differentiating Citroen from competitors.
The e-C3 was recognized at the 2024 Paris Motor Show as a significant launch in the affordable EV segment. Several European automotive publications named it among the most important new cars of 2024 for its sub-25,000-euro price point, which addresses the affordability gap in the European EV market.
In 2023, Stellantis issued a major recall affecting approximately 286,000 Citroen C3 and DS 3 Crossback vehicles in Europe. The recall was due to a potential fault in the airbag system that could cause the airbags to deploy incorrectly or not deploy at all. The issue was linked to airbag inflators supplied by a third-party manufacturer. Stellantis notified affected owners and replaced the faulty airbag modules free of charge. The recall was part of a broader airbag safety issue affecting multiple automakers globally.
In 2024, Citroen faced scrutiny over the accuracy of its electric vehicle range claims. Several European consumer organizations, including France's UFC-Que Choisir and Germany's ADAC, tested the e-C4 and found that real-world electric range was approximately 20-25% lower than the official WLTP (Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure) figures. Citroen stated that WLTP figures are standardized laboratory measurements and that real-world range varies based on driving conditions, temperature, and usage patterns. This discrepancy is an industry-wide issue affecting all automakers, not specific to Citroen.
In 2022, Citroen was fined 5 million euros by French authorities for misleading advertising related to the environmental performance of some diesel models. The French Directorate-General for Competition, Consumer Affairs and Fraud Prevention (DGCCRF) found that certain advertising claims about CO2 emissions and fuel consumption did not match real-world performance. Citroen corrected the advertising materials and paid the fine.
The Stellantis emissions scandal, which originated with PSA Group, has also affected Citroen. In 2020, French prosecutors opened an investigation into alleged emissions cheating in PSA Group diesel engines. The investigation focused on whether PSA Group used defeat devices similar to those in the Volkswagen Dieselgate scandal. Stellantis has cooperated with the investigation and stated that its vehicles comply with all applicable regulations. The investigation is ongoing as of 2025.
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| Brand | Parent Company | Country | Founded | Market Position | Primary Market | Gender Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leapmotor | China | 2015 | Mass market | Global | All-ages | |
| Stellantis | France | 2009 | Luxury | Europe | All Genders |
AutomotiveOwned by Leapmotor
Chinese electric vehicle brand founded in 2015 by Zhu Jiangming in Hangzhou. Leapmotor posted its first annual profit in 2025 with revenue of CNY 64.7 billion and deliveries of 596,555 vehicles. Stellantis holds a 20% stake.
AutomotiveOwned by Stellantis
French premium automobile brand owned by Stellantis. Sold 29,042 vehicles in Europe in 2025. Repositioned as a specialty brand under Citroen in 2025.
Market Positioning: Citroen competes with 2 brands in the same categories, ranging from mass market to luxury positioning.
Geographic Distribution: Competitors are headquartered across multiple regions, indicating global competition in this market segment.
Brand Heritage: Competitor brands range from established heritage brands to newer market entrants, with founding years spanning several decades.
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