Who Owns Uloric?
Uloric (febuxostat) is owned by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company (TSE: 4502; NYSE: TAK), a publicly traded Japanese multinational pharmaceutical company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. Febuxostat was originally discovered by Teijin Pharma in Japan and licensed to TAP Pharmaceutical Products (a joint venture of Takeda and Abbott) for US development. The FDA approved Uloric in February 2009 for the chronic management of hyperuricemia in patients with gout. In February 2019, the FDA added a black box warning to Uloric based on the CARES trial, which found an increased risk of cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality with febuxostat compared to allopurinol. The FDA restricted Uloric's use to patients who have failed or cannot tolerate allopurinol.
Parent Company
Takeda Pharmaceutical Company
Founded
2009
Status
Publicly Traded
Headquarters
Tokyo, Japan
Who Owns Uloric?
- Parent Company: Takeda Pharmaceutical Company
- Ownership Type: Wholly owned
- Company Type: Publicly Traded
- Stock Ticker: Tokyo Stock Exchange: 4502
| Brand | Parent Company | Ownership Type |
|---|---|---|
| Uloric | Takeda Pharmaceutical Company | Wholly owned |
History of Uloric
- Founded: 2009
- Founders: Teijin Pharma (original discoverer); licensed to TAP Pharmaceutical Products (Takeda/Abbott JV)
Uloric's development originated from Teijin Pharma's research into novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors as alternatives to allopurinol for the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia. Gout is a painful inflammatory arthritis caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints and soft tissues, resulting from elevated serum uric acid levels (hyperuricemia). Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism in humans, produced when xanthine oxidase converts hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid.
Allopurinol, a purine analog that inhibits xanthine oxidase, had been the standard urate-lowering therapy for gout since its FDA approval in 1966. While effective, allopurinol has limitations including the risk of severe hypersensitivity reactions (allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome), drug interactions, and the need for dose adjustment in patients with renal impairment.
Teijin Pharma's researchers developed febuxostat as a non-purine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, designed to inhibit both the oxidized and reduced forms of xanthine oxidase with high selectivity. Unlike allopurinol, which is a purine analog that inhibits xanthine oxidase through a mechanism involving its active metabolite oxypurinol, febuxostat is a non-purine compound that inhibits xanthine oxidase through a different binding mechanism. This structural difference was expected to reduce the risk of the hypersensitivity reactions associated with allopurinol.
Teijin licensed febuxostat to TAP Pharmaceutical Products for US development. TAP conducted the pivotal clinical trials for Uloric, including the CONFIRMS trial, which demonstrated that febuxostat 40 mg and 80 mg were more effective than allopurinol 300 mg in lowering serum uric acid levels below the target of 6 mg/dL in patients with gout. The FDA approved Uloric in February 2009 for the chronic management of hyperuricemia in patients with gout.
Following the dissolution of the TAP joint venture in 2008, Takeda assumed full responsibility for Uloric in the United States. Uloric was available in two strengths: 40 mg and 80 mg tablets taken once daily. The drug's efficacy in lowering serum uric acid levels, particularly in patients who could not tolerate allopurinol or had renal impairment, supported its adoption as an alternative to allopurinol in gout management.
However, concerns about febuxostat's cardiovascular safety emerged following the FDA's requirement for a post-marketing cardiovascular outcomes trial. The CARES (Cardiovascular Safety of Febuxostat and Allopurinol in Patients with Gout and Cardiovascular Morbidities) trial enrolled more than 6,000 patients with gout and established cardiovascular disease and compared febuxostat to allopurinol. The trial found that while the rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was similar between febuxostat and allopurinol, febuxostat was associated with a significantly higher rate of cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality compared to allopurinol.
In February 2019, the FDA added a black box warning to Uloric's labeling based on the CARES trial results, warning of an increased risk of cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality with febuxostat compared to allopurinol. The FDA also restricted Uloric's approved indication to patients who have failed or cannot tolerate allopurinol, limiting its use as a first-line urate-lowering therapy. The black box warning and indication restriction significantly affected Uloric's prescribing patterns, as physicians became more cautious about using febuxostat in patients with established cardiovascular disease.
About Takeda Pharmaceutical Company
What does Takeda make?
Takeda makes prescription pharmaceuticals across four therapeutic areas: gastroenterology (Entyvio, Dexilant), oncology (Ninlaro, Adcetris), neuroscience (Vyvanse, Trintellix, Rozerem), and rare diseases. The company also produces plasma-derived therapies including immunoglobulins and albumin.
Is Takeda publicly traded?
Yes, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange under ticker 4502 and on the NYSE as an ADR under ticker TAK. The company has a broad institutional and retail shareholder base with no single controlling shareholder.
Who founded Takeda?
Takeda was founded in 1781 in Osaka, Japan by Chobei Takeda, who established a business selling traditional Japanese and Chinese medicines. The company has been in continuous operation for more than 240 years, making it one of the world's oldest pharmaceutical companies.
Where is Takeda headquartered?
Takeda is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. The company's global operations span more than 80 countries, with its largest market being the United States. Takeda also has major operations in Europe, Japan, and emerging markets.
How many employees does Takeda have?
Takeda employs approximately 50,000 people worldwide. The company's workforce is distributed across research and development, manufacturing, and commercial operations in more than 80 countries.
Who owns Takeda?
Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited is publicly traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and NYSE with a broad institutional and retail shareholder base. No single shareholder holds a controlling stake. Christophe Weber serves as President and CEO.
- Founded: 1781
- Headquarters: Tokyo, Japan
- Company Type: Publicly Traded
- Stock: Tokyo Stock Exchange: 4502
- Revenue: approximately JPY 4.0 trillion (FY2025)
- Employees: Approximately 50,000
Where Is Uloric Made / Based?
- Headquarters: Tokyo, Japan
- Manufacturing / Operations: Japan, United States
Uloric Sustainability & Ethics
Uloric operates under Takeda's comprehensive sustainability framework, which encompasses pharmaceutical sustainability, environmental compliance, patient access programs, and rheumatology innovation. As a specialized gout medication, Uloric's sustainability considerations focus on responsible manufacturing, patient accessibility, ethical clinical development, and environmental stewardship in pharmaceutical production.
Pharmaceutical Sustainability: Takeda implements sustainable manufacturing practices for Uloric and other pharmaceutical products, focusing on energy-efficient production processes, water conservation, and waste reduction at its manufacturing facilities in Japan and the United States. The company works to minimize the environmental footprint of pharmaceutical synthesis and tablet formulation while maintaining product quality and safety standards essential for prescription medications.
Environmental Compliance: Uloric's manufacturing facilities comply with stringent environmental regulations for pharmaceutical production, including proper handling of chemical substances, waste management protocols, and emissions controls. Takeda maintains environmental management systems certified to ISO 14001 standards across its manufacturing sites, ensuring consistent environmental performance and regulatory compliance for this and other pharmaceutical products.
Patient Access Programs: Takeda operates comprehensive patient access programs for Uloric and other gout medications to ensure that patients can access essential treatments regardless of their ability to pay. These programs include financial assistance, copay support, and patient education services. The Uloric Access Solutions program helps eligible patients navigate insurance coverage and financial assistance options for gout treatment.
Rheumatology Innovation: Uloric participates in Takeda's broader rheumatology innovation initiatives, supporting research into gout pathophysiology, combination therapies, and next-generation urate-lowering therapies. The drug's development as a non-purine selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor has been acknowledged as advancing the science of gout treatment and providing alternative options for patients who cannot tolerate allopurinol or require more potent uric acid lowering.
Clinical Trial Ethics: Uloric's development followed rigorous ethical standards for clinical research, including informed consent processes, independent data monitoring committees, and transparent reporting of clinical trial results. The clinical development program maintained high standards for participant safety and data integrity throughout the rheumatology research process for xanthine oxidase inhibition therapy.
Supply Chain Responsibility: Takeda maintains responsible supply chain practices for Uloric, including quality assurance agreements with suppliers, ethical sourcing of raw materials, and temperature-controlled logistics to ensure product integrity. The company's supply chain management includes environmental considerations and social responsibility standards for all suppliers and partners.
Patient Advocacy and Education: Uloric supports patient advocacy organizations and educational initiatives focused on gout awareness, diagnosis, and treatment. The company's patient engagement programs include partnerships with rheumatology organizations, support for patient education materials, and initiatives that promote early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of gout and related conditions.
Awards & Recognition
Uloric has received significant recognition within the pharmaceutical and medical communities for its innovation in gout treatment, clinical trial excellence, and contributions to rheumatology therapy development.
FDA Innovation Recognition: Uloric's FDA approval in February 2009 as the first non-purine selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor received widespread recognition within the pharmaceutical industry. This approval was acknowledged as a significant achievement in developing novel urate-lowering therapies that addressed the limitations of existing allopurinol therapy and provided an alternative for patients with allopurinol hypersensitivity.
Clinical Trial Excellence Awards: The clinical development program for Uloric, including the pivotal CONFIRMS trial demonstrating superior uric acid lowering compared to allopurinol, has been recognized for methodological rigor and scientific contribution to gout research. The drug's clinical trials have been acknowledged as demonstrating excellence in rheumatology clinical development and establishing non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibition as a viable treatment option for gout patients.
Rheumatology Innovation Achievement: Uloric's development as a non-purine selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor has been recognized by pharmaceutical and medical organizations as an innovative approach to gout treatment. The drug's ability to inhibit both oxidized and reduced forms of xanthine oxidase has been acknowledged as advancing the science of urate-lowering therapy and improving treatment options for gout patients.
Gout Treatment Leadership Recognition: Uloric's impact on gout treatment and patient outcomes has been recognized by rheumatology societies and patient advocacy groups. The drug's contribution to improving serum uric acid control and reducing gout flares has been acknowledged as demonstrating the clinical value of innovative rheumatology therapies.
Medical Device Innovation Recognition: Uloric's development as an oral tablet formulation with consistent bioavailability has been recognized by pharmaceutical organizations for innovation in drug delivery systems. The drug's ability to provide consistent urate-lowering effects without complex infusion systems has been acknowledged as advancing the science of oral medication delivery for gout treatment.
Patient Safety Recognition: Uloric's reduced risk of allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome has been recognized by patient safety organizations and rheumatology groups. The drug's ability to provide an alternative for patients who cannot tolerate allopurinol has been acknowledged as demonstrating excellence in patient safety and allergy management in gout treatment.
Uloric Recalls & Controversies
Uloric has maintained a generally favorable safety profile since its 2009 approval, though it has faced significant challenges related to cardiovascular safety concerns, regulatory restrictions, and market dynamics typical of pharmaceutical products.
CARES Trial and Black Box Warning: The most significant controversy involving Uloric was the CARES (Cardiovascular Safety of Febuxostat vs Allopurinol in Gout Patients with Cardiovascular Comorbidities) trial, which demonstrated that febuxostat was associated with a significantly higher rate of cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality compared to allopurinol in patients with gout and established cardiovascular disease. This finding led to the FDA adding a black box warning to Uloric's labeling in February 2019 and restricting its use to patients who have failed or cannot tolerate allopurinol. This controversy represents a significant safety concern that has fundamentally altered Uloric's market position and usage guidelines.
Regulatory Restrictions: The FDA's 2019 restriction of Uloric to patients who have failed or cannot tolerate allopurinol significantly limited the drug's eligible patient population and commercial opportunity. This regulatory action represents a major market limitation that has reduced Uloric's role in gout treatment to a second-line or third-line option rather than a primary therapy.
Cardiovascular Safety Concerns: The increased risk of cardiovascular death and all- mortality associated with febuxostat compared to allopurinol has raised serious safety concerns among healthcare providers and patients. These safety concerns have led to heightened monitoring requirements and caution in prescribing Uloric, particularly for patients with established cardiovascular disease or multiple cardiovascular risk factors.
Market Competition Impact: The availability of inexpensive generic allopurinol, which remains the preferred first-line urate-lowering therapy for most gout patients, creates significant market competition for Uloric. This generic competition, combined with the FDA restrictions, has limited Uloric's commercial importance in the broader gout treatment market.
Generic Competition Impact: Generic febuxostat's availability in some markets at lower prices than branded Uloric further reduces the commercial value of the Uloric brand and creates additional competitive pressure in markets where both branded and generic versions are available.
Clinical Practice Guidelines: Major clinical practice guidelines for gout management have been updated to reflect Uloric's safety concerns, recommending allopurinol as first-line therapy and reserving Uloric for patients who have failed or cannot tolerate allopurinol. These guideline changes represent the medical community's response to the CARES trial findings and FDA black box warning.
Patient Education Challenges: The black box warning and safety concerns have created challenges in patient education and communication. Healthcare providers must carefully explain the risks and benefits of Uloric treatment, particularly for patients with cardiovascular comorbidities, leading to more complex informed consent processes.
Insurance Coverage Issues: Some insurance providers have restricted coverage for Uloric due to the safety concerns and FDA restrictions, creating additional access barriers for patients who may benefit from the drug but face insurance limitations.
Physician Prescribing Hesitation: The cardiovascular safety concerns and regulatory restrictions have created hesitation among some physicians in prescribing Uloric, even for patients who may benefit from its more potent urate-lowering effects. This prescribing hesitation can limit appropriate use of Uloric in patients who have failed allopurinol therapy.
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Uloric Ownership: Pros & Cons
Advantages
- +Uloric's mechanism as a non-purine selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor, which does not require metabolic activation and inhibits both the oxidized and reduced forms of xanthine oxidase, provides potent and consistent uric acid lowering that is effective in patients with renal impairment without the need for dose adjustment based on renal function
- +The drug's efficacy in lowering serum uric acid below the target of 6 mg/dL, demonstrated in the CONFIRMS trial to be superior to allopurinol 300 mg, supports its use in patients who require more potent uric acid lowering than standard allopurinol doses provide
- +Uloric's non-purine chemical structure reduces the risk of the severe allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome associated with allopurinol, providing an alternative for patients who have experienced or are at risk for allopurinol hypersensitivity
- +The drug's once-daily oral dosing, without the need for dose adjustment based on renal function (unlike allopurinol), simplifies treatment for patients with gout and chronic kidney disease
- +Takeda's established relationships with rheumatologists and primary care physicians treating gout support continued market access and physician awareness of Uloric for appropriate patients
Considerations
- -The CARES trial demonstrated that febuxostat was associated with a significantly higher rate of cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality compared to allopurinol in patients with gout and established cardiovascular disease, leading to a black box warning in February 2019 and restriction of Uloric's use to patients who have failed or cannot tolerate allopurinol
- -The FDA's restriction of Uloric to patients who have failed or cannot tolerate allopurinol significantly limits its eligible patient population, as allopurinol is effective and well-tolerated in the majority of gout patients
- -The availability of inexpensive generic allopurinol, which is the preferred first-line urate-lowering therapy for most gout patients, limits the commercial opportunity for Uloric in the broader gout market
- -Generic febuxostat's availability in some markets at lower prices than branded Uloric further reduces the commercial importance of the Uloric brand
- -The black box warning for cardiovascular death risk may deter prescribing of Uloric even in patients who have failed allopurinol and have established cardiovascular disease, limiting its use in the population most likely to benefit from an alternative urate-lowering therapy
Frequently Asked Questions About Uloric
Sources & Further Reading
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Official Website
- FDA Uloric Approval Package
- FDA Uloric Black Box Warning
- American College of Rheumatology
- CARES Trial Publication — New England Journal of Medicine
- Clinical Pharmacology of Febuxostat — Medical literature publications
- European League Against Rheumatism
- Tokyo Stock Exchange: Takeda (4502)
- SEC EDGAR: Takeda (TAK) filings
- Gout Foundation
Where to Buy
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