The company's origins trace to 1806, when William Colgate founded a starch, soap, and candle business on Dutch Street in New York City. Colgate was a British-born entrepreneur who had immigrated to the United States and built a successful soap and candle manufacturing business. The company grew steadily through the 19th century as demand for manufactured soap and personal care products expanded alongside urbanization.
In 1873, Colgate introduced its first toothpaste, sold in a jar. In 1896, the company introduced toothpaste in a collapsible tube, a packaging innovation that became the industry standard and remains the dominant format for toothpaste globally. By the early 20th century, Colgate had become one of the leading toothpaste brands in the United States.
The Palmolive Company, founded in 1898 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, developed the Palmolive soap brand using palm and olive oils, which gave the brand its name. Palmolive merged with Peet Brothers, a soap manufacturer, in 1926 to form Palmolive-Peet Company. In 1928, Colgate Company merged with Palmolive-Peet to create Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Company, which was later shortened to Colgate-Palmolive Company.
The combined company expanded aggressively internationally through the mid-20th century, establishing manufacturing and distribution operations across Latin America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. Colgate's international expansion was particularly successful in emerging markets, where the company built strong brand positions in countries including Brazil, Mexico, India, China, and across sub-Saharan Africa.
In 1976, Colgate-Palmolive acquired Hill's Pet Nutrition, a Kansas-based company that had developed science-based pet food formulations in collaboration with veterinarians. Hill's had pioneered the concept of prescription pet food, sold through veterinary clinics rather than retail channels. The acquisition proved to be one of the most valuable in the company's history, as the premium pet food market grew substantially over subsequent decades.
The company made several significant acquisitions in the 1990s, including the purchase of Kolynos, a leading oral care brand in Latin America, from American Home Products in 1995 for approximately $1 billion. The Kolynos acquisition strengthened Colgate's position in Brazil and other Latin American markets.
Noel Wallace became President and CEO in 2019 and Chairman in 2020, succeeding Ian Cook. Wallace has led the company through a period of pricing-driven revenue growth in 2022 and 2023 as commodity cost inflation required price increases across the product portfolio, followed by a return to volume-led growth in 2024.