Craigslist was founded in 1995 by Craig Newmark as an email distribution list for local events and job postings in the San Francisco Bay Area. Newmark, a software engineer who had recently moved to San Francisco, started the list as a community service to help people find jobs and share local information.
The email list grew rapidly and was converted into a web-based platform in 1996. Craigslist expanded beyond San Francisco to other US cities in 2000, and Jim Buckmaster joined as CEO that year. Buckmaster, a programmer by background, has led the company's operations ever since and has been a strong advocate for Craigslist's minimalist, community-focused approach.
Craigslist incorporated as a for-profit company in 1999. The platform expanded internationally in 2000, launching sites in cities outside the United States. By the mid-2000s, Craigslist had become the dominant online classifieds platform in the United States, effectively destroying the newspaper classified advertising business. Newspapers had historically generated significant revenue from classified ads for jobs, cars, and real estate; Craigslist's free or low-cost model eliminated most of this revenue.
eBay acquired a 28.4% stake in Craigslist in 2004 from a former Craigslist employee. The relationship between eBay and Craigslist was contentious from the start, with Craigslist's founders viewing eBay as a competitor rather than a partner. Craigslist sued eBay in 2008, alleging that eBay had used its board seat to gather confidential information to benefit its competing Kijiji classifieds platform. eBay countersued. The dispute was settled in 2015, with eBay selling its stake back to Craigslist.
Craigslist has faced significant controversy regarding its personal ads and adult services sections, which were used for sex trafficking and other illegal activities. The company removed its adult services section in 2010 under pressure from law enforcement and advocacy groups. The passage of FOSTA-SESTA legislation in 2018, which increased liability for websites hosting content related to sex trafficking, led Craigslist to remove its personals section entirely.
Despite competition from specialized platforms including LinkedIn (jobs), Zillow (real estate), Facebook Marketplace (goods), and others, Craigslist has maintained its dominant position in the US online classifieds market through its brand recognition, local focus, and network effects.