Cameo was conceived in 2016 by Steven Galanis and Martin Blencowe after Galanis left his grandmother's funeral. The founders realized that "the selfie was the new autograph" and saw an opportunity to connect fans with celebrities through personalized video messages.
The platform launched in March 2017, with NFL player Cassius Marsh being one of the first celebrities to join and introduce the service to his fans. Celebrities with more than 20,000 Instagram followers are eligible to set up accounts on the platform.
Cameo experienced significant growth during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-2021, as social distancing restrictions accommodated both clients and celebrities. By May 2020, more than 30,000 celebrities had joined the platform, and the company expanded from 100 to 400 employees.
In July 2020, Cameo launched Promotional Cameos, a premium-priced service for businesses to buy celebrity endorsements, expanding its business model beyond individual fan requests.
The company received significant recognition, including being named one of Time magazine's "50 Most Genius Companies" in 2018 and topping Fast Company's list of the "World's Most Innovative Social Media Companies" in 2020.
Following the pandemic, Cameo faced challenges including inflation, interest rate hikes, and reduced demand. The company conducted multiple rounds of layoffs: 87 employees in May 2022, 80 in November 2022, and a third round in July 2023, bringing employment down to 33 people.
Popularity resurged during the 2023 SAG-AFTRA strike, with over 2,400 actors joining or rejoining the platform, attracting more customers seeking celebrity content during the entertainment industry work stoppage.